A recent study suggests that drinkers of beer and spirits tend to have higher levels of harmful fat linked to heart disease, while wine, particularly red wine, may offer protective benefits.
The research, conducted by a team from Iowa State University, found that red wine was associated with lower levels of visceral fat, the harmful fat that accumulates around internal organs such as the liver, pancreas, and intestines. This type of fat differs from the more familiar “beer belly” that tends to form around the abdomen. Visceral fat is linked to various health risks, including heart disease, diabetes, and other chronic conditions.
In contrast, white wine drinkers did not show the same fat accumulation seen in those who preferred beer or spirits. Interestingly, white wine was also found to boost bone density when consumed in moderation, a key factor in preventing osteoporosis and fractures as people age.
The study, which analyzed data from nearly 2,000 Britons aged 40 to 79, looked beyond weight gain and focused specifically on visceral fat deposits. Researchers used scans and physical examinations, along with surveys, to assess participants’ body composition. Rather than simply measuring body weight, the study examined the fat surrounding vital organs, which is a more accurate predictor of long-term health risks.
According to the researchers, alcohol types vary in their nutrient profiles, and individuals’ preferences for certain drinks can lead to different body compositions. For instance, beer drinkers were found to have larger waistlines compared to wine drinkers.
The team advocates for moderation in alcohol consumption and recommends that individuals substitute beer and spirits with wine to mitigate the risks of visceral fat buildup. Additionally, those at risk for osteoporosis may benefit from consuming a higher proportion of white wine as part of their overall alcohol intake.
The study, which was published in the journal Obesity Science & Practice, drew on patient data from the UK Biobank—a decade-long database of health information. It analyzed the habits of 1,869 white British participants, who self-reported their alcohol consumption and lifestyle details through annual questionnaires. Data from scans provided insight into participants’ fat distribution, muscle mass, and bone mineral density.
The results also revealed that, on average, participants consumed 10 alcoholic drinks per week. Men predominantly consumed beer or had no clear preference, while women showed a strong preference for wine.
Overall, the findings emphasize the potential health benefits of wine, particularly red and white varieties, when consumed responsibly, while cautioning against the risks associated with beer and spirits.
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